Silver Button Cell Americium-241 Aplha parical in Smoke detectors there There are Pictures, diagrams and a Bibliography in the uploaded files

?The smooth-spoken entirelyton cell is commonly called a silver oxide battery. It consists of Zinc (Zn) the anode (-), Silver (Ag) the cathode (+) and a Potassium Hydroxide (KOH) gap is used as the electrolyte that contains scanty ions making the cell an electric conductor.

?Silver is a r be element this means it is expensive, but when used in a button cell of a small coat battery or an industrial size battery its high performances will easily make up for the cost. It can keep a wrist watch foot race for up 24/7 for 3-5 yearsAdvantages:High capacity per building block weightConstant voltage is producedLow self discharge (long shelf life)Heavy metal free (MG, Pb, Fe, Al, Be)Help hearing impaired (keep there hearing aids constant longer)Disadvantages:Poor low temperature performanceExpensive materials mostly for high performance applicationsLimited vibration (not rechargeable)Non- recyclable?Americium 241-alpha particle is the radioisotope used in fume detectors. Americium-241 (Am) decays to produce Neptunium-237 (Np), Gamma rays and an alpha particle which has high ionization energy, causing the oxygen molecules in the air to ionize.

The overconfidently charged particles, Alpha particles and positively charged Oxygen molecules, move to the forbid electrode in the smoke detector. Negatively charged particles, electrons, move to the positive electrode.

The electrically charged ions carry a current from the forbid to the positive. When smoke is present, Alpha particles attach themselves to the smoke which neutralizes them causing a dangle in current, due to that the air molecules are no longer ionized.



The smoke detector sensor sets of the alarm because of the drop in current.

When smoke detectors are thrown out they are transported to private landfills. Which then the Americium 241 decay chain ends with a stable non radioactive element bismuth 209?Formation of AmericiumAmericium 241 (Am) is an by artificial means made radioactive metallic element produced from atomic number 94 241 (Pu). Plutonium 241 is formed in any nuclear reactor by neutron capture starting from uranium 238.

When Plutonium 239 absorbs two neutrons it produces plutonium 241, which by emitting Beta particles decays to become Americium 241.

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