History of Coffee Essay Example for Free

History of deep brown EssayThe global circulate of java growth and drinking began in the Horn of Africa, where, according to legend, drinking chocolate tree berry channelises originated in the Ethiopian province of Kaffa. It is recorded that the fruit of the kit and boodle, known as drinking chocolate cherries, was eaten by slaves taken from present day Sudan into Yemen and Arabia finished the great port of its day, Mocha. Coffee was certainly being cultivated in Yemen by the 15th snow and probably much earlier.In an attempt to prevent its cultivation elsewhere, the Arabs imposed a ban on the export of fertile coffee beans, a restriction that was eventu completelyy circumvented in 1616 by the Dutch, who brought live coffee implants back to the Netherlands to be freehanded in greenhouses. Initially, the authorities in Yemen actively encouraged coffee drinking. The premier(prenominal) coffeehouses or kaveh kanes opened in Mecca and quickly spread throughout the Ar ab military man, thriving as places where chess was played, confer was exchanged and singing, dancing and music were enjoyed.Nothing quite like this had existed before a place where fond and business life could be conducted in comfortable surroundings and where for the price of a cup of coffee anyone could venture. Perhaps predictably, the Arabian coffeehouse soon became a centre of political activity and was suppressed. Over the bordering few decades coffee and coffeehouses were banned numerous times scarce kept reappearing until eventually an acceptable route out was found when a tax was introduced on both. By the late 1600s the Dutch were growing coffee at Malabar in India and in 1699 took some plants to Batavia in Java, in what is now Indonesia.Within a few years the Dutch colonies had become the main suppliers of coffee to Europe, where coffee had for the first time been brought by Venetian traders in 1615. This was a finish when the two other globally signifi nevert helesst jointt hot beverages also appeared in Europe. Hot chocolate was the first, brought by the Spanish from the the Statess to Spain in 1528 and tea, which was first sold in Europe in 1610. At first coffee was mainly sold by lemonade vendors and was believed to have medicinal qualities. The first European coffeehouse opened in Venice in 1683, with the just about famous, Caffe Florian in Piazza San Marco, opening in 1720.It is shut away open for business today. The largest insurance market in the ground, Lloyds of London, began life as a coffeehouse. It was started in 1688 by Edward Lloyd, who prepared lists of the ships that his customers had insured. The first literary reference to coffee being drunk in North America is from 1668 and, soon after(prenominal), coffee houses were established in New York, Philadelphia, Boston and other towns. The Boston Tea fellowship Of 1773 was planned in a coffee house, the Green Dragon. Both the New York Stock Exchange and the brink of New York started in coffeehouses in what is today known as Wall Street.In 1720 a French naval officer named Gabriel Mathieu de Clieu, while on leave in Paris from his post in Martinique, acquired a coffee tree with the intention of taking it with him on the return voyage. With the plant secured in a fruitcake case on deck to keep it warm and prevent damage from salt pee, the journey turn out eventful. As recorded in de Clieus own journal, the ship was threatened by Tunisian pirates. There was a violent storm, during which the plant had to be tied down. A jealous fellow officer tried to misdirect the plant, resulting in a branch being torn off.When the ship was becalmed and drinking water rationed, De Clieu ensured the plants survival by giving it close of his precious water. Finally, the ship arrived in Martinique and the coffee tree was re-planted at Preebear. It grew, and multiplied, and by 1726 the first harvest was ready. It is recorded that, by 1777, there were between 18 and 19 million coffee trees on Martinique, and the model for a tonic cash crop that could be grown in the New population was in place. But it was the Dutch who first started the spread of the coffee plant in Central and South America, where today it reigns supreme as the main continental cash crop.Coffee first arrived in the Dutch colony of Surinam in 1718, to be followed by plantations in French Guyana and the first of more in Brazil in the state of Para. In 1730 the British introduced coffee to Jamaica, where today the most famous and expensive coffee in the world is grown in the Blue Mountains. The 17th and eighteenth centuries saw the establishment across Brazil of vast sugar plantations or fazendas, owned by the estates elite. As sugar prices weakened in the 1820s, capital and labour migrated to the southeast in receipt to the expansion of coffee growing in the Paraiba Valley, where it had been introduced in 1774.By the beginning of the 1830s Brazil was the worlds largest pr oducer with some 600,000 bags a year, followed by Cuba, Java and Haiti, each with annual production of 350 to 450,000 bags. origination production amounted to some 2. 5 million bags per year. The rapid expansion of production in Brazil and Java, among others, caused a significant decline in world prices. These bottomed out in the late 1840s, from which point a strong upward movement occurred, reaching its peak in the 1890s. During this latter period, due mainly to a lack of inland transport and manpower, Brazilian expansion slowed considerably.Meanwhile, the upward movement of prices encouraged the growth of coffee cultivation in other producing regions in the Americas such as Guatemala, Mexico, El Salvador and Colombia. In Colombia, where coffee had been introduced by the Jesuits as early as 1723, civil strife and the in penetrationibility of the best coffee-growing regions had hampered the growth of a coffee industry. Following the Thousand Days War of 1899 to 1903, the late pea ce saw Colombians turn to coffee as their salvation.While larger plantations, or haciendas, dominated the upper Magdalena river regions of Cundinamarca and Tolima, determined peasants staked vernal claims in the mountainous regions to the west, in Antioquia and Caldas. New railways, relying on coffee for profit, allowed more coffee to be grown and transported. The opening of the Panama channel in 1914 permitted exports from Colombias previously unreachable Pacific coast, with the port of Buenaventura assuming increasing importance. In 1905 Colombia exported five hundred thousand bags of coffee by 1915 exports had doubled.While Brazil desperately tried to control its overproduction, Colombian coffee became increasingly popular with American and European consumers. In 1914 Brazil supplied three-quarters of U. S. imports with 5. 6 million bags, but by 1919 that figure had fallen to 4. 3 million, while Colombias share had risen from 687,000 to 915,000 bags. During the same period Cen tral American exports to the U. S. had risen from 302,000 to 1. 2 million bags. In spite of political turmoil, social fervor and economic vicissitude, the 20th century saw an essentially continuous rise in demand for coffee.U. S. utilization continued to grow reaching a peak in 1946, when annual per capita consumption was 19. 8 pounds, in two ways the figure in 1900. Especially during periods of high global prices, this steadily increasing demand lead to an expansion in production throughout the coffee-growing regions of the world. With the process of decolonisation that began in the years following the Second World War, some newly independent nations in Africa, notably Uganda, Kenya, Rwanda and Burundi, found themselves in varying degrees dependent on coffee export revenue.For US coffee drinkers, the countrys wettest urban center, Seattle, has become synonymous with a new type of cafe culture, which, from its birth in the 1970s, swept the continent, dramatically improving the general quality of the beverage. This new found evangelism for coffee has spread to the rest of the world, even to countries with great coffee traditions of their own, such as Italy, Germany, and Scandinavia, adding new converts to the pleasures of good coffee. Today it is possible to find good coffee in every major city of the world, from London to Sydney to Tokyo we are drinking more and, more importantly, better coffee.The importance of coffee to the world economy cannot be overstated. It is one of the most valuable primary products in world trade, in many years second in value only to oil as a source of alien exchange to producing countries. Its cultivation, processing, trading, transportation and marketing provide employment for hundreds of millions of people worldwide. Coffee is crucial to the economies and politics of many developing countries for many of the worlds Least Developed Countries, exports of coffee account for more than 50 percent of their outside(prenominal) e xchange earnings.Coffee is a traded commodity on major futures and commodity exchanges, most importantly in London and New York. ARCHITECTURAL SOLUTION I. FACILITIES According to the experts and professionals, the facilities must be divided into series of modules which can be combined as required to suit a particular location. The following modules are include A. Administrative Service Lobby 15 m? In rowation and Reception compass 10 m? Toilet 1. 67 m? B. Employee Facilities Cafeteria and Kitchen 30 m? Recreation Area (Indoor and Outdoor) 50 m? manufactory Mens and Womens Lockers and Toilets 35 m? Office Mens and womens Lockers and Toilets 35 m? Meeting knowledge domain 45 m? Nurses station and First care 25 m? C. Warehouse cc m? D. Wet affect Area (Produces Washed Coffee) cherry reception/Sorting Area 15 m? / motorcar Floatation Area 30 m? Pregrader/Pulper Area 15 m? / appliance Pregrading Area 25 m? Fermentation Area 35 m? Washing Area 25 m? Grading Area 15 m? / gondola Skin drying Area 15 m? /machine Sun and or Mechanical drying area 20 m? /machine Storage 35 m? Toilet( Men and Women) 6 m? E. Dry Processing Area( Produces Original Coffee).Cherry reception/Sorting area 15 m? /machine Floatation area 25 m? Skin drying and raking area 20 m?/machine Storage/conditioning area 35 m? Toilet(Men and Women) 6 m? F. Coffee Milling Area 25 m? /machine G. Packaging Area 20 m? /machine H. Cocoa Processing (to produce deep brown butter, cocoa powder) Cocoa Bean Reception Area 30 m? Cleansing and Shelling Area 45 m? Winnowing And Roasting Area 30 m? Grinding and Refining Area 15 m? /machine Alcalizing Area 20 m? Pressing Area 20 m? /machine Milling Area25 m? /machine Bagging Area 25 m? /machine Storage 35 m? I. Delivery Loading/Unloading Area 80 m? J. Parking Area vitamin C m? K. Villas for tourist 3600 m? Villa lot coat 120 m? L. Villas for Workers 3000 m? Villa lot size 90 m? M. Museum 150 m? N. Coffee Spa 200 m? O. Restaurant 20 0 m? P. Horse Back riding 500 m? Q. Sports and Recreational Facilities 1500 m? Machinery and Equipments (Wet Process and Dry Process) Vertical mother fucker Type Coffee Pulper VCP 700 Vertical Disk Type Coffee Pulper VCP 5000 Vertical Dick Type Coffee Pulper VCP 200 Bucket Elevators 1 Bucket Elevators 2 Coffee Hullers Coffee Graders somberness Separators Catador 50 kg/hour Coffee Roaster 150 kg/hour Coffee Roaster 70 kg/hour Coffee Roaster Coffee Grinder Coffee Mixer Machine Harverster Korvan Harvester Brastoft Harvester.Details and Images of Machineries and Equipments disposed in Appendix I BREWING TIPS FOR THAT PERFECT CUP Buy freshly roasted coffee in whole beans. Coffee is best consumed within 60 days from when it was roasted. Store in an line of credit tight container away from light. Grind your coffee as you need it. Make sure that you use the right on grind for your brewing system. Use cold filtered water that is pleasant tasting. Use one standard coffee measure or two tablespoons per 6 oz cup of coffee To keep your brewed coffee longer transfers it to a thermos. Space Programming (Coffee Processing) Space Programming (Employee Facilities). invest Selection I. Criteria for order Selection Location It should be located in an agricultural zone with soil that are deep, well-drained and rich in organic affaire Size 30 to 50 hectares Accessibility Easy access to tube-shaped structure Manila, to major to minor driveway Transportation Must be reachable through commuters and private vehicles Climate/Environment Climate which has aggressively defined wet and dry period, the mean temperature is 20o to 38o Celsius Topography comparatively flat Utilities Accessible to water main, proper sewage system, electrical supporter and communication networks .Site Selection Criteria Site A Site B Site C (Sumulong,Batangas) (Lipa urban center, Batangas) (Lipa City, Batangas) Location It should be located in It is located i n an agricultural It is located in agricultural zoneIt is located in agricultural an agricultural zone with soil thatzone of brgy. Simulong Batangas of Brgy. Pinagkawitan, City of zone of Brgy. Pussil. City of are deep, well-drained and rich in City Lipa Lipa organic matter Size 30 to 50 hectares.20 hectares 55 hectares 24 hectares Utilities Accessible to water National originator Corporation, National Power Corporation, National Power Corporation, main, proper sewage system, Batangas Water District Batangas Water District, PLDT, Batangas Water District, PLDT, electrical service and Digitel Telecommunication Phils. Digitel Telecommunication communication networks And Globe Telecom Phils.And Globe Telecom Accessibility Easy access to Easy access to Metro Manila, to Easy access to Metro Manila Easy access to Metro Manila Metro Manila, to major and minor major and minor avenue To major to minor road to major to minor road road Transportation Must be reachable Public emolument vehicles Public utility vehicles Public utility vehicles through commuters and private Private vehicles Private vehicles Private vehicles vehicles Topography Relatively flat Relatively flat Relatively flat Relatively flat .Climate Climate which has crisplyTemperature of 26 / 38c, wet Temperature of 25 / 36C wet Temperature of 25 / 38C wet defined wet and dry season, the and dry season and dry season and dry season mean temperature is 20o to 38o Celsius Based from the order selection, Site B is the best site among the other site choices. Site B is strategically located in well agricultural zone and meets the entire requirement unavoidable in the proposal in term of conditions of land and distance from the Brgys.Apparently Site B movement the most perfect site for the proposal since, it is near from the commercial areas and its in agricultural zone III. write of Site A. Locations Situated in near Brgy. Pinagkawitan, Lipa City, Batangas, Bou ndaries South Luzon Expressway, Padre Torres Provincial Road B. Size As recommended the size of the site 30 to 50 Hectares is near and most rated in the site category and most preferred site standard to the proposal. C. Accessibility the site accessibility is no problem at all since the site is adjacent to the expressway and major road in Batangas D.Utilities Telephone, Fax, Radio, Electricity from National Power Corporation, water supply from Batangas Water District E. Transportation Public Utility vehicles and rivate vehicles F. Topography flat terrain Map and details of the site are attached in Appendix II DESIGN CONCEPT advanced architecture is a term given to a number of building styles with similar characteristics, primarily the simplification of form and the body waste of ornament. The style was conceived early in the 20th century.Modern Architecture was adopted by many potent architects and architectural educators, however very few Modern buildings were built in the first half of the century. It gained popularity after the Second World War and became the dominant architectural style for institutional and corporate buildings for three decades. CHARACTERISTICS Modern architecture is usually characterized by a rejection of historical styles as a source of architectural form (historicism) an adoption of the principle that the materials and officiateal requirements determine the result. an adoption of the machine aesthetic a rejection of ornament a simplification of form and elimination of unnecessary detail an adoption of expressed structure Form follows function DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS ZONING Zoning determines the size and use of buildings, where they are located and, in large measure, the densities of the citys diverse neighborhoods. Along with the citys power to budget, tax, and condemn property, zoning is a signalise tool for carrying out planning policy.ACCESSIBILITY Accessibility is a general term used to get the degree to which a prod uct (e. g. , device, service, and environment) is accessible by as many people as possible. DISABILITIES The disability rights movement advocates equal access to social, political, and economic life which includes not only physical access but access to the same tools, services, organizations and facilities which we all pay for. STABILITY Stability of the propose building must be consider.The builfing must withstand any circumstances that might affect and might destroy it, like an earthquake.References Burea of verdant Statistics Department of Agriculture Nescafe Philippines Inc Nestle Philippines Inc P. D. 856 Code on Sanitation of the Philippines and Its Implementing Rules and Regulations P. D. 1096 National Building Code of the Philippines and Its Implementing P. D. 1185 sunburn Code of the Philippines and Its Implementing Rules and Regulations R. A. 184 Philippine Electrical Code R. A.1378 National Plumbing Code of the Philippines and Its Implementing http//www. tupelopla ntation. com/documents/tupelo-plantation-pud. pdf www. internationalorganizationofcoffee. inc http//www. charityfarm. co. uk/charityfarm. htm http//www. vetiver. org/ETH_WORKSHOP_09/ETH_A6a. pdf http//www. losaricoffeeplantation. com/ http//xandercap. com/Documents/New%20Exec%20Summary%20-%20V2. pdf www. internationalorganizationofcoffee. inc Time-Saver Standards for Building Types. McGraw-Hill hold Company. 1980 THE SITE.